Gas-generator.



J. DARLING.

GAS GEERTOR.

APPLICATI'ON FILED me. 3o. um.

PSIlSd Sept. 14, 1909.

s SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. DARLING.

GAS GENERATQF.

APPLIGATIOH ULEB 1150.30. N08. 93,33 Patented Sept. 14. 1909.

3 SHEETSMSHEET 2.

Q91'. incase@ 514mm?, Jeff/off @fifa/v6, 9A. @y

J. DARLING.

GAS GENRAOR.

APPLICATION FILED nc.so,1fos.

933,828. Patented sept. 14, 1909, A

v n 3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

- Hou fag JOSEPH DARLING, OF CHICORA, PENNSY torts. ["ig. -l. is a pvispvvtivv View of one UNITED STATES PXTENT OFFICE.

LVAIA. ASSIGNOR TO THE SMOKELESS .HEAT

& POWER COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

GAS-GEN ERATOR.

.Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Septsll, 1909.

Application filed December 30, 1908. Serial No. 469,931.

To all 'urli/m1 it muy concern.'

5c it lt'nowi. that I. Joshi'n l).\iti.i a. a

citizen of the lfiiitvd States. residingr at ('hi upright rectangihtr ends. of whivh the front cora. in thv vount ot' liutlvi and 'state of vnd lt is both wider and deeper than the rear end ltr. The heads of hoth ends have :t ventral zone a of invicasvd thickness to provide for screw threaded holes which when thv retort is in sei-vive :ire closed h v screw plugs /i which have square wrench heads to eiiztlile theni to he turned in or out. The retorts are also cast integrally w'itli brittle plates y each of which alternately at one end jouis on to a head and at thtl other end tors .short oi5 the other head, thus formingr a vertical series of horizontal channels; which open into each other alternately :it opposite ends. The

sii iti-tion and aiiungvinvtit ol' the rctoris. l and in thv continuation ofthe saine with thv iiivlosingv casing. thv feed dv\ives. and thv itvvilssories. of thil generator, as will hv hvi'viiial'tvr more full)` dvsviihvd with rvfvrviice to the drawing in which.

figure l. is :i front elevation of the gcneiator with a part oi' tlnl front casing ln'oltvn away. l"ij f. :2. is :t ivrtival `vvction on lintof l`i; r. l. Fie. 33. is an enlarged rvrtival section taken through thv 'injection dexii-vs i'or supplvingoil and :tir to thv rvofthe retorts. Fig'. is a \'vrtiv;il long-itudinal svi-tion through the sante. VFig. f3. is it transverse rvr-tion through the retort takvn on liuc 6.-- t ol' ifig. .7. and looking in the diivetioii oi thv arrow on .said linv.. Fig. T.

:t similar .si-vtioii on line T---ft' otl Fig. 5. lool:-`

iiif; in thvdirvvivn ofthe arrow on that line and. lie'. n. is :i cross section of a modified end and is sethack from the end ii distance form of thv retort.

lii thv drawing. l"ij 1'.. lt ll ivprvsvnts two svrivs of rvlor'is. oliv series. liviiu.` placvd niiot'ithv other and tliv retort-1. ol' thv upper svi-ics heine placed ahotv the spar-es hvtwcen thv rvtorts of thv vries lit-low. as `x-i.:ii in Fi#- l. 'l`hv rvtori.` are placed within :i furnace casing with their vnd.` lniilt within the masonry walls oi' the fron! :ind hack walls of the casing' :is licivaitci' described. lielow the retoris is thv tire chainlivr within which is arranged the liurner Fie, 2. which may he otY :in tj suitahlv construction.r but is preferahly ot' the retort type which volatili/.cs oil and makes its own glas. This burner is mounted upon a stand S and has heut-ath it a gas pipe b to supply thv startinglieat to get the litirnvr B into action.

The retorts R :trv cinistructvfl its seen in Figs. 4 to 7. Thej-` :we cast 'i oi. piece with svrt'e a dcuhle purpose.

holes in the vnd heads are arranged. one oppositif A:ich vnd of each channel. These holes ln the tirst place they )ivi-init of the proper support of the co1 es :it hoth ends in order to render possible the casting of the haliie plate.. and heads in one piece with the sides of the retort. These holes also serre :in important function after the retort put in service. as the)v permit, h the removal of the screw plugs, of the introduction ot- Scrapers for cleaning out the dvposits m" cai-lion and other iesidiuun which accumulati-s front time to time in the retort. A. svvn in Figs. 4, C, and T. the both.v of the .rvtort hetwevn the ends is flat :it tht` top and gradually narrows toward the bottom and i has a rounded bottoni, but, if desiretl, the

approximate-l5Y equal to the thickness of the inasoi'ir)Y wall in which the retort ends :tre carried. .\t the smaller end R of the retort there is :t ci)rrespondiner ril) or flange hut this does not. extend all the tgay to the top of tliv'retort, but tapers to nothingr near the top eoincideutly with the recesses if* fl which reduces the thickness of this end of the retort. The larger end R of the retort descends t. r; below the level of the middle of the retort, :is seen in Figs. 5 and (3, while the smaller end R terminates at the bottom coincidently with the bottom of the middle' of the retort. The construction ofthe retort as thus described, has reference to the setting of the retorts and the removal of any one of them' without disturbing the others. Thus the retorts are set with their ends in the front :md back walls and with their ribs 4r abutting against each other. The space between the large ends oftheretorts formed by the abutting ribs r ris lilled with mortar at ni 'nif".

l., the ribs holding the mortar against fall-v ing into the furnace thus forming a tightly lated joint. In like manner, tue ribs or flanges j', j', at the. small end are abutted together aint the space between these ends out-v side of the llanges f is also lilled with mortar the tlanges serving to prevent the mortar from passing into the furnace. lt will be seen, however, that as the end R2 is both narrower and shallower than the end lt, the i'ctort can, by simply loosening the niortai' at front; and bach, be easily slipped out7 the ,i A l ena lt toieniost, toi any repairs or cleaning ln setting the retorts` and 2^ supply the feed devices 5, of therl burner, which may .be of any desired type. At a point higher up and opposite the lower endslof the lower tier or retorts are two other? branch pipes l" .and 2" which supply the devices for the retorts, the oil passingl through the pipe l" and the air through 2". llach retort has an independent feed device, .the construction and arrangement o' which shown in detail in luig. 25. its relation to the retort being shown in Figs; and 5. 'l'he feed tube Y", Figs. l and .3, is made with an external screw thread if which is screwed into a bushing in the head lt2 of the retort, and terminates: within the retort in a tapered nozzle. rl`he outer end olt the feed tube V, Fig'. Il, is screwed into a T-coupling y2, into the horizontal nipple ol' which is screwed the air nozzle y taking air l'roni the coupling Y which is placid in the length of the air pipe "D, one opposite each retort, and which pipe extends past and supplies all the retorls of `hat series. 'l`he valve f/ has its seat between the coupling Y and the nozzlel ,f so that any retort can be cui oil' l'roiu the air pipe without interfering' with the passage of aiil past that retort to others in the series. ln the upper nipple ol' the T-coupliiig is screwed an upright tubular frame of .special forni which receives oil t'roin the oil pipe lb through valve the coupling- X. placed in the length ol' oil li uliwrs llt f which they may be turned.

coupling X is screwed on to the top of tubular traine l and within the latter is a tapered bushing w which causes the oil in descending to pass down in a centralized stream. 'lo make the passage of the oil risible lor adjustment purposes,A l provide in the tubular traine Il a special forni of sight feed constructed as follows. ()n opposite sides ot' the tubular frame il are formed Circular ll-.uiged openings screw threaded inteiioily and haring circular glass plates c c clamped in the saine by meant-z 0f externally screw threaded rings .s s which are provided with nicks or notches to receive a tool by lly means of these rings the glass platesl are clamped in place on opposite sides ol' the tubular frame lil :o as to forni windows through which the passage of oil in a stream from the tapered bushing .'u may be obse 'ved7 thus enabling the operator' to regulate the vfeed ot' oil and determine whether any one or' the retorts is acting properly, or whether it is clogged.

.As the oil and air are l'ed into the .smaller ends of the lower series of retorts, it beeoines gasilieil as it passes through the prolonged channelway formed by the ballle plates f/and as it issues from the top of each lower retort it passes through a by-pass pipe .i which connects the upper screw' threaded openingr of each lower retort with the lower screw threaded opening of each upper retort, the retorts being thus coupled iii pairs:

.vertically to secure a pirt'ect gasilcation of the oil. 'l'his by-p: .5s is made with a union joint where it connects with the retorts, so that it may be quickly uinzoupled'to permit any one retort to be talien out without disturbing' the others. .\s the newly formed gas issues from the upper tiel' of i'etorts it pit-ses by pipi-s .\l'' into a large manifold vpipe .\l which runs alongl the full length ot the upper tier of retorts and from which an lip-lake pi eli with Valve n leads toa large horizontalltrnnl( pipe 'l` that may connect w ith any number ol' lgenerators and then extend lo the gas holder or point of utilization.

ln the manifold pipe .\l opposite each ontlet pipe ll: is a removable .screw plug mi* Figs. .l and which permits a longseraiier tool to lit passed straight' through the mani fold pipe and through the pipe .\l`' and into the upper cliannelwayv of the retort'to clean out 'of the same any deposite of cai-hon. For thel .saine purpose the manifold pipe has in its' closed end a removable screw plug 1li,g l"i; l` arranged at the bottoni of the inanil'old and in alinement with the outlet pipe m', thus permitting thtI manifold to be cleaned of its deposits. The pipe '//i leading l'roni the manifold is provided with a valve and may he employed for taking oli' gas to any desired point. I

',l`lie llames and hot gases t'roin the burner ll circulate around and between the retorts,

'which hy the spacingr ot' their ahuttineY rihzsl 1' and j', and the shape o1" their middle portions. allow the currents to pass up hetwvvn Q the same. thusl uniformly. and thoroughly;

5 heating the saine. 'lhv piotluets of conihustion pass out at three points z. c. from'a central smoke tine ll.

lllunacv at thv center and twosillv.` and which smoke lln.:` are prortdvd with dainpvrs f` w" hy which the drat't through any part of the furnace and :tn r portion of thv rvtorts may he regulated to .snit thvconditionsol' thegasilication. l`he two Aseries ot' rvtorts harv their vnd.`

the crt-vives la-twven the rvtorts hein;r closed hy lutings oli mortar. 'l'his gi'rvstgreat ta -cility for thv removal ot' the retorts individ- 30 ually, and constitutes onv ot' thv practically valuahle features of my invention. however, there ma)v he .some leakage of gas past t the heads ot' the retort. or through the numerous plugs in thv ends of thv -atne. l provide at each end of the furnace a housing or hreevhingr l) of heavy sheet metal which extends around and in front ot' hoth tiers of rvtorts. and these housings l connect h r I ott-take pipes D D with the smoke tine. so that no otl'ensire gases may find their: way out to foul the atmosphere for the operatives. These housings' are made in .sections which join on horizontal lines on the level of the inlet and outlet pipes V. and ML'. so that the housing may he conveniently removed when -it is necessary to clean out or remore any one of the retorts.

The roof of the furnace is formed of fire bricks I carried on inverted T-hvanis. as .seen 49 in Fig. 1, with covering plate and cross rods .l connecting the two tace plates A ofthe furnace. These face platesor furnace fronts are cast with nzarginal flanges A to which the housing plates are attached.

The two tiers ot retorts are sustained at their ends upon cross hars of channel iron N X. .The cross hars N which su-taia the large ends of the retorts are of less height than the liars N which .sustain the small ends. 50 so as-to hold the retorts lvvvl. lt will also be seen that hy having` thv large ends of thv upper tier of rvtorts reversed to that of the lat- Jer vnds of the lowvr livr. the saine pa!- tern of retorts serres for hoth tiers. only rvquirinp; that the retorts of thv two tiers he taken out from opposite ends.

In the sides of thv t'urnacv on a level with vthe hottoms of the rvtorts are peep holesl H Il, provided with rotar)y damper doors for ohsel'vin; r the color and temperature of the vretorts.

In defining: my invention more clearly, l would state thatl the ends of the rvtorts are rectangular and upright or with a greater va'tival dimensiomthan the horizontal dirisible through the end wall? of masonnv.

t inension. and have parallel sides which fit close up to the sides ol' the ends of the adjacent retorts with a straight vertical joint' which tillvd with mortar without the clitA ting and tittin;y ot' ln'ivlts between, and the removal of which mortar joint permits the convenient rclnoral of any retort without tvarin;r out ln'ivlt worlt' or disturbing the adf jacent retorts. l: will also he seen that the i plugs which clo.-.e the holes in the heads of the retorts aresiinple imperforate screw plugs with .square ends and are wholly disvonnvvtvd from each other so that an) one j may hv removed to vh-an out an olistruvtcd l channvlwaj' without distal-hing or opening ilthv others.

l l claim,

j 1. A gas generator comprising vertical furnaev walls. rvtorts arranged in the sante and ha ving an upright rectangular cross set'- tion at lioth ends, the two sides ot' said ends living parallel and adapted to tit up to the sides of the ends of the adjacent retorts, with straight tel-tival joints and hoth ends being embedded in the furnace walls and .extending through the same.

2. gas generator comprisingr vert ical furnace walls, rctorts arranged in the `iame, and haring an upright 'rectangular cross section at hotli ends, the two sides of said ends lieing parallel and adapted to tit up to the. sides of the ends of adjacent rvtorts with a straight Vertical joint one reetangfular rnd heilig made wider and deeper than the other vnd and hoth endslieing embedded in the furnace walls and extendingr through the same.

3. A gas ,generator comprising vertical furnace walls, retorts arranged in thv saine, and having an upright rectangular cross section at hoth ends,the two sides of said ends living parallel and adapted to fit up to the sides of the ends ot` the adjacent retorts with a straight vertical joint adapted to he llled with mortar.

4. A gas generator comprising,r vertical furnace walls and rvtorts of upright cross section with rectangular ends. having \ertical rihs .set hack a distance from the ends and adapted to huit against each other to space thv retorts away from each other and form mortar joints outside the rihs.

A gas l fenerator comprisiinfV vertical furnace walls. retorts arranged in the saine, and haringr an upright rectangular cross section at hoth endsfonv rectangular end beingv made wider and deeper than the other ent] and hoth endsbeing embedded in the furnace walls and extending through the same', said retorts being arranged in two series one aho't'e the other and lay-pass pipes connecting;r the retorts vertically in couples. I d

6. A gas xgenerator comprising vertical furnace walls, retorts arranged in 'the Same, and having an upright rectangular cross 4 eas,

section at both ends, one rectangular end heing made wider and deeper than the other g valve opening into the induction nozzle, an

end and both ends being embedded in the -furnace walls and extending through the same, said retorts being arranged in tiers, the upper ones of which are connected to the lower ones in couples and the retorts having their larger ends reversely placed in the alternating tier.

7. A gas generator comprising vertical furnace walls, and a smoke pipe, retortshaving closed ends embedded in the walls and protruding through the saine, and fitting close to each other at the. ends with only a mortar joint between, and a housing inclos air and oil .supply pipes; of sight feed for ingr the mortar joints at the ends ot' all the i retorts and provided with an olf-take pipe I connected to the smoke pipe to carry otl' gas i S. A vertical furnace walls, and a smoke pipe, retorts hav-` ing closed ends embedded in the walls and protruding through the same, and titting close to each other at the ends with only a niortar joint between, and provided with detachable end plugs. and a housing inclosing the mortar joints at'the ends of all ot' the retorts and provided with an otttake pipe connected to the smoke pipe to carry ott the gas leakage.

9. A gas generator comprising a series of upright retorts, a single manifold pipe extending horizontally across'. the outlet end leakage.

gas generator comprising.;

of cach retori and connected to each by a rightangularly arranged communicating L pipe, and dctreliable plugs arranged in the j side of the manifold pipe, one in alineineui piece with the head portions and said head with nach pipe connecting the manifold with the i'etoi'ts.

l). fas generator cozzipiising a series-ot' i uio-'aghi retoris. a single inanit'old pipe c..,\"- detachahhclosures for .said openings, each tending lnu'izontaltv across' the outlet ot' each retort and connected lo cach retort by a com nuuiicaiing pipe. and :i d-tachablc plugr arranged iiE the-cnil ol' thc iuanil'old on a Vlciel with the lioiioin side oln said manifold pipe.

ll. ln :i gas generator. the combination with the rctoit and its induction nozzlegpf a horizontal air pipe. a horizontal oil ,sup-

ply pipe and a sight t'eed t'or the oil foreach i'ciort' arranged at the junction ofV the Voil pipe. the air pipe and the induction nozzle.

l2. ln a gas generator, the combination with the retort, itsl induction nozzle, and-.thc

the oil consisting of an air nozzle with air oil salve arranged above the air nozzle and an intermediate tubular traine haring a glazed window in the side.

13. ln a gas generator, the combination with the retort, its induction nozzle and the air and oil supply pipes; ot a sight feed for the oil consisting of an air nozzle with air valve opening into the induction nozzle, an oil valve arranged above the air nozzle and an intermediate tubular trame having a glazed window in itsv side consisting of a circular screw threaded flange, a circular screw threaded ring and a eircllilar glass` panel clamped within the tlange )y the said rin?. 14. A retort for a gas generator having upright rectangular ends and interior battle plates arranged one above the other, one end of the retort being wider and deeper than the other.

15. A retort ,for a gas generator having upright rectangular ends and intei'ior battle lates arranged one above the other, one end of the retort being made wider and deeper than the other, and both ends having ribs attlie sides set hack from the heads 'in parallel position thereto.

1G. A retort for a gas generator, having upright rectangular ends and its middle portion tapering to a smaller width at; its lower edge than the width ofthe rectangular ends. 17. retort fora gas generator, consisting of an upright casing, with rectangular ends, and a vertical series` of alternating baille platt-s forming channel ayS all made in one i portions being formed with openings in the saine at each end of each channelway and out tid arh'vug the closures of the other chanliclways.

lu testimoniv whereof l allix no' signature in presence of two witnesses. 

